In short, the answer is yes, scoliosis surgery is considered major surgery.
- Extensive spinal reconstruction. The procedure involves realigning and fusing the spine using metal rods and screws.
- Significant recovery time. Patients typically require several months to return to normal daily activities fully.
- High success rates. Despite the complexity, outcomes significantly improve the quality of life for severe cases.
Surgery to fix scoliosis is a complex medical procedure that falls under the category of major surgery due to its invasive nature and recovery time. This operation typically involves spinal fusion, which is a process where surgeons connect two or more vertebrae permanently so they can grow together into a solid bone.
It requires general anesthesia, a hospital stay of several days, and a significant recovery period at home. Understanding the magnitude of this procedure is essential for patients and caregivers preparing for the journey ahead.
What Classifies This as Major Surgery?
Medical professionals consider this procedure major because it involves operating near the spinal cord and nerve roots. The surgery to fix scoliosis often takes several hours to complete, depending on the severity of the curve.
Surgeons must make large incisions to access the spine and use instrumentation like rods and screws. The manipulation of the skeletal structure places significant physiological stress on the body.
Furthermore, the recovery process distinguishes it from minor surgeries. Patients do not simply walk out of the hospital the same day; they require careful monitoring for pain management and mobility.
When Is Surgery to Fix Scoliosis Necessary?
Doctors generally reserve surgery for patients with severe spinal curves that exceed 45 to 50 degrees. At this magnitude, the curve typically continues to progress into adulthood and may cause health complications.
These complications can include lung function issues or chronic pain if left untreated. For adolescents, surgeons may recommend surgery to fix scoliosis if the curve worsens rapidly while the child is still growing.
Conservative treatments like bracing are usually ineffective for curves of this size. Therefore, surgical intervention becomes the most viable option to prevent deformity and future disability.
What Does the Procedure Involve?
The gold standard for scoliosis surgery is spinal fusion. During this process, the surgeon roughens the bone between the vertebrae and adds bone grafts.
These grafts act as a bridge to help the bones fuse together. Surgeons use metal rods, hooks, wires, or screws to hold the spine straight while the bone heals.
This hardware acts like an internal cast for the spine. Over time, the bone grafts grow into the vertebral bone to create a solid fusion.
What Do Recent Studies Say About Outcomes?
Despite the classification as a major surgery, the long-term benefits are substantial. A study published in the journal Spine examined long-term outcomes for patients who underwent spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
The researchers found that patients reported significant improvements in self-image and mental health following the procedure. This data suggests that while the surgery to fix scoliosis is extensive, the psychological and physical payoffs are high.
Another study published in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery focused on pulmonary function after surgery. The data indicated that correcting severe thoracic curves helped prevent the decline of lung function in adult life.
These findings reinforce the medical consensus that surgery is a necessary and beneficial step for severe cases.
How Difficult Is the Recovery Process?
Recovery is a gradual process that requires patience and dedication. Most patients stay in the hospital for 3 to 5 days after the operation.
Pain management is a priority during the initial stages of healing. Doctors may prescribe medication like oxycodone (OxyContin) to manage severe pain in the short term.
Patients usually begin walking the day after surgery to promote blood flow and healing. Full recovery can take anywhere from 6 to 12 months.
Students typically return to school within 3 to 4 weeks. However, they must avoid heavy lifting and contact sports for a longer duration.
Frequently Asked Questions About Scoliosis Surgery
Is the surgery to fix scoliosis dangerous?
Every major surgery carries risks, but serious complications are relatively rare. Potential risks include infection, bleeding, or nerve damage. However, surgeons use advanced monitoring techniques, such as neuromonitoring, to protect the spinal cord during the procedure.
Will the metal rods need removal later?
In most cases, the metal implants remain in the body permanently. Surgeons rarely remove them unless they cause irritation or infection. The hardware is generally undetectable and does not trigger airport security alarms.
Does the surgery restrict movement forever?
Spinal fusion does eliminate motion in the fused section of the spine. However, most patients retain enough mobility in the unfused sections to perform daily tasks comfortably. Many patients return to active lifestyles, including swimming and running, after they heal.
What is the success rate of this surgery?
The success rate for halting curve progression is very high. Most patients achieve a significant correction of the deformity. Patient satisfaction rates regarding body image and pain relief are also generally high.
Contact Front Range Spine and Neurosurgery for Surgery to Fix Your Scoliosis
If you or a loved one is dealing with a severe spinal curve, expert guidance is vital. The team at Front Range Neurosurgery Spine and Neurosurgery specializes in complex spinal conditions and treatments.
We understand that the prospect of major surgery is daunting. Our goal is to provide you with the information and care necessary to make the best decision for your health.
We serve patients throughout the region who require surgery to fix scoliosis. Contact us today (303) 790-1800 or use our online form to schedule a consultation and discuss your treatment options.
